Theoretical and Conceptual Issues in Job Stress – Page 2

The Influence of Daily Leisure on Subjective Well-being and Work-Family Outcomes: A Time Perspective

November 13, 2021November 12, 2021

This study uses a daily diary methodology to examine the relationship between time spent in leisure and work-family (WF) outcomes (both WF conflict and WF balance) as mediated by subjective well-being (stress, positive affect, negative affect). We study these relationships within day, cross-lagged from one day to the next, and using weekly retrospective estimates of all measures. Results were differentially supported for all measurement periods, with the most consistent effects for leisure to WF conflict, but less support for the mediation of SWB in daily analyses. Results will be discussed in light of temporal nature of WF experiences.

Modeling social comparison in the stress process: an examination of nurses

November 12, 2021November 12, 2021

The present study focused on the potential impact of social comparison on workers? interpretations of demanding workplace events and their confidence in coping with stress. A sample of 139 healthcare workers provided personal data (via a self-report survey) in relation to five types of stressors common to the field of nursing, along with relevant information about how they perceive their coworkers? responses to said stressors. Support was found for the hypothesized model through path analysis. Workers reported higher levels of stress when they were 1) frequently exposed to demanding events, and 2) when they perceived high stress in their coworkers; workers felt more prepared to cope when they reported high familiarity with their coworkers? coping tactics; but workers also felt less confident in their coping when they personally felt greater stress.

Implications of Role Stressors: Do Challenge and Hindrance Appraisals Matter?

November 13, 2021November 12, 2021

We study the mediating role of stressor appraisal on the relationship between role stressors (RS) and psychological strains (anxiety and tedium) and subsequent organizational outcomes. We also extend the nomological net to include other linkages between psychological strains and organizational outcomes in Lazarus and Folkman?s (1984) transactional model of stress. We expected the relationship between RSs (conflict and overload) at T1 and intention to leave the organization (IL) at T2 would be mediated by hindrance and challenge appraisals at T1, psychological strains at T1 and T2, and organizational attitudes: affective organizational commitment (AOC) and job satisfaction (JS) at T2, however, the expectation was partially met. An SEM showed that appraisal was not a relevant mediator in the nomological net, but the outcome due to stressors as mediated by psychological strains (at T1) and organizational attitudes were impactful.

The influence of stress appraisals on hospitality worker’s intentions to return to their organization during COVID-19

November 13, 2021November 12, 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a drastic effect on the hospitality industry. Our study investigated how furloughed and laid-off hospitality workers? stress appraisals (challenge, hindrance, and threat) of future workload intensification were related to their desire to return to their organization in the context of COVID-19. Consistent with the challenge and hindrance framework, challenge appraisals of future workload were positively related to hospitality workers? intention to return to their organization, whereas hindrance appraisals were negatively related to their intention to return to their organization, but the relationship between threat appraisal and their intention to return to their organization was not significant. Our findings suggest that organizations in the hospitality industry should provide employees with the necessary resources to foster challenge appraisals of their workload as organizations start to bring back their employees in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Understanding the importance of meaning and motivation in medicine: Preliminary findings from a mixed-method study of resilient healthcare workers

November 13, 2021November 12, 2021

In this presentation of baseline data from a longitudinal, mixed-method study of resilient healthcare workers, we provide an overview of the larger study, details about our targeted sample, and evidence that individual-level resilience should not be conceptualized or studied as a singular trait. We also demonstrate that different health-related outcomes are associated with different resilience-related individual characteristics. Further analyses of these data and the additional longitudinal and interview data we have also gathered will help us to understand factors that promote or impede resilience, including positive motivation and meaning experiences at and about work over time. Ultimately, we hope to use information from this study to develop pragmatic educational resources to help current and future HW better manage the challenging realities of their work.

Like Fine Wine: Age, Stress, and Resilience during the COVID-19 Pandemic

November 13, 2021November 12, 2021

Based on previous findings, it was anticipated that age would be related to improved coping and resilience and lower negative outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hypotheses were tested in two samples greatly impacted by the pandemic (e.g., education and hospitality). Across samples, age correlated positively with resilience and well-being and negatively with COVID-related rumination and stress.

Return-to-Work Threat Appraisal: A Study of Hospitality Workers Purpose/objectives

November 13, 2021November 12, 2021

This study examined laid-off and furloughed hospitality workers? worries about COVID-19-instigated workplace changes. Our investigation was grounded in NIOSH?s Total Worker Health (TWH) framework, and found that two types of worry predicted return-to-work threat appraisal: (1) worry about guest mistreatment and (2) worry about workload intensification.

Worry about COVID-19 Vaccination and Mental Health

November 13, 2021November 12, 2021

The purpose of this research was to examine hospitality employees? worries about guest vaccination status, and its impact on mental health. Participants of a short survey included 219 laid-off or furloughed hospitality workers from Prolific.com. This study found that hospitality employees? worry about COVID-19 exposure partially mediated the relationship between worry about guest vaccination status and mental health. Employees who were more concerned about guest vaccination had worsened mental health, and some of this effect was explained by worry about COVID-19 exposure.

The Relation of the Occupational Depression Inventory to Commonly Used Measures of Workplace Burnout

November 13, 2021November 12, 2021

In a study of the relation of the Occupational Depression Inventory (ODI), the first-of-its-kind measure of work-related depression, to the Maslach Burnout Inventory?s (MBI) subscales and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI), we found that the emotional exhaustion (EE) component of the MBI (in a French schoolteacher sample) and the CBI (in a New Zealand teacher sample) are highly correlated with the ODI (rho and r > .80), higher than the correlations of EE with the other MBI subscales. We also found that individuals who met criteria for the ODI?s algorithmically-generated provisional diagnoses of depression have highly elevated EE and CBI scores. Exploratory structural equation modeling bifactor analyses indicated that the EE, CBI, and ODI items measure the same construct. We underline applications for occupational health specialists of the ODI as a practical replacement of burnout measures.