This poster presentation provides a description of the NIOSH Traumatic Injury Prevention Cross-Sector Program, the main areas of focus, key research activities, examples of recent research, collaboration with stakeholders, and examples of research to practice.
The mission of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Center for Workers’ Compensation Studies (CWCS) is to maximize the use of workers’ compensation (WC) claims data and systems to improve workplace safety and health through partnerships. This poster presentation will describe recent and ongoing CWCS surveillance and research studies to achieve several key goals (see https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/workercomp/cwcs/publications.html).
As the workforce ages, interest has grown regarding the prevalence and possible impact of age discrimination at work. This study presents an analysis of data from a national survey in the United States in which worker-reported age discrimination was measured over a 16-year period. Findings indicated that the prevalence of workplace age discrimination remained fairly stable during this period, and that the experience of age discrimination was a significant predictor of several quality of work life measures.
The TWU program collaborates with partners to identify relevant research and to help disseminate research findings and translate them into practice. The program publishes research in scientific journals and translates findings into materials that can be used by a variety of partners and stakeholders to improve the safety, health, and well-being of TWU workers. Products include scientific journal articles, fact sheets, blogs, infographics, and social media messages.
This study examined the moderating relationships of prosocial personality, extroversion, and emotional labor on prosocial job characteristics (PSJC) and burnout and work-related negative affect. Extroversion moderated the relationship between PSJC and burnout. Contrary to hypotheses, PSJC were associated with negative affect, and low levels of deep acting buffered the relationship. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to consider detrimental outcomes from the job impact framework.
The study employed a prospective, intensive longitudinal design to examine whether 911 telecommunicators who take more dispatched calls have more intense negative emotions from pre to post-shift, as compared to 911 telecommunicators who take fewer dispatched calls. Participants (n = 48 telecommunicators) completed visual analogue scale ratings of negative emotions before and after their shift over one week. A higher-than-usual daily 911 call volume was associated with greater post-shift irritability, when controlling for pre-shift irritability and shift length.
Our presentation conceptualizes pain as an explanatory mechanism for the relationship between physical job demands and intentions to turnover (ITO), using the fear-avoidance (FA) model as the theoretical framework. Data from a multi-wave study on work capacity and aging, which included 360 participants recruited from five manufacturing organizations in the northeastern U.S., were analyzed using the SPSS PROCESS macro (model 4) to estimate direct and indirect effects, while controlling for various covariates. Our results indicated that high physical job demands were significantly related to increased perceptions of pain; high perceptions of pain and high physical job demands were significantly related to higher ITO; and the relationship between physical job demands and ITO was partially mediated by perceptions of pain. Collectively, these results indicate that ITO is a potential outcome of physical job demands, and that pain may partially explain this relationship. As such, in order to reduce instances of ITO, research as well as organizations that require employees to engage in physically demanding work should focus on uncovering interventions that may reduce an employee?s associated experience of pain.
The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between telework and telework-based work activities, work ability (i.e., job-related functional capacity), and well-being among workers with chronic health conditions (CHCs). The current study uses an experience sampling method to collect real-time assessments of participants? experiences. We expect the results of this study will shed light on the relationship between telework and worker health, as well as provide empirical evidence regarding the extent to which telework is a beneficial accommodation and organizational practice for workers with CHCs.
This study explores how the stressful environment of working in a prison, particularly in regard to the need to manage emotions (emotional labor), and personal resources (in the form of personal sense of coherence) affect occupational burnout. Using data from a sample of 169 correctional staff members who participated in an ongoing study of health and well-being among staff at state correctional facilities, we examine whether work-based emotional labor is related to the emotional exhaustion component of burnout, and whether personal sense of coherence (SOC) has a protective effect by buffering the impact of emotional labor on burnout-exhaustion.
In this study conducted in a mixed population of non-clinical and clinical healthcare staff, we examined the association of depression with preventable work environment factors using a novel mediation analysis approach. We found that emotional labor (SaEL), emotional exhaustion, job strain, and work family interference were positively associated with depression while perceived organizational support for safety and work role functioning were negatively associated. The association between emotional labor and depression was strongly mediated through emotional exhaustion. These findings suggest that interventions regarding SaEL are needed for HCWs in order to reduce emotional exhaustion and consequently decrease the risk of depression. Further longitudinal studies are needed to verify these associations.