Basic research – Page 4 – Work, Stress, and Health

The influence of COVID-19 on the Sleep Patterns of Black Nurses

November 13, 2021November 12, 2021

Social and environmental work and non-work experiences increase the risk for sleep deficiency (i.e., sleep duration, quality) among healthcare workers self-identifying as Black. As the COVID-19 pandemic increased the workload, stress, and disrupted sleep of healthcare workers, little was published on the sleep of registered nurses self-identifying as Black. This cross-section study, conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic and after the protests of George Floyd?s murder, found registered nurses self-identified as Black reported experiencing sleep deficiencies during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sleep and health of registered nurses identifying as Black should be considered more contextually, as these nurses may need more holistic support to achieve healthy sleep.

Employees’ performance, emotional exhaustion, work organizations conditions, and HRM practices during the COVID-19: a moderated mediation analysis.

November 12, 2021November 12, 2021

This research aims at investigating the mediating effect that emotional exhaustion has on the relationship between, work organization conditions, human resource management (HRM) practices, and job performance during the COVID-19. It also aims at analyzing the moderating effect of organizational communication in the relationship between work organization conditions, HRM practices, emotional exhaustion, and job performance.

Long-term effects of workplace harassment on mental health and alcohol use

November 13, 2021November 12, 2021

Individuals were surveyed about their exposure to workplace sexual and generalized harassment, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and alcohol use/misuse at 8 timepoints between 1996-2007 (W1-W8) and were resurveyed in 2020 (W9). Bivariate analyses indicate that those who were exposed to chronic sexual or generalized harassment at W1-W8 reported significantly greater symptoms of depression and anxiety and past 30 day measures of heavy alcohol use. These results suggest that workplace harassment can have long-term health implications for targets, and that enforcement of existing laws that prohibit sexual harassment and enactment of similar laws to protect workers against workplace bullying could help to protect long-term health of workers.

Meta-analysis of the Burnout-Depression Relationship in Teachers

November 12, 2021November 12, 2021

We conducted a meta-analysis of 11 studies of educators (n = 11,729) that bear on the relationship of the MBI?s subscales, emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and a reduced sense of professional accomplishment (rPA) with each other and with validated depression scales (we expect to add two or three more studies in the coming months). The EE-depression correlation (r = 0.68; disattenuated r = 0.76) was greater than the intercorrelations among the three MBI subscales and the correlations of DP and rPA with depression. The evidence suggests that among educators the tripartite conceptualization of burnout consisting of EE, DP, and rPA does not hold up. An implication of our research is that an educator who is suffering from burnout could be helped by a clinician who specializes in the treatment of depression. We believe this an reduce attrition.

A Qualitative Exploration of Job Crafting in the Postdoctoral Scholar Occupation

November 13, 2021November 12, 2021

The current study is a qualitative exploration of the experience of job crafting among postdoctoral scholars (postdocs) in the STEM fields. The study was designed to uncover ways that postdocs shape their ambiguous roles to create wellbeing and to decrease the stressors that they experience due to the job insecurity that many experience. 32 postdocs were interviewed from November 2020 through April 2021 and qualitative thematic analysis was conducted to identify emergent themes. Themes identified were around the ways postdocs job craft toward their strengths, interests, and development to increase their wellbeing and decrease their stress due to job insecurity.

Investigating Daily Rest and Leisure Frequency as Potential Moderators of the Relationship between Strenuous (High Demand) Activity Frequency and Perceived Whole Day Workload

November 13, 2021November 12, 2021

Typically, only workload from work is investigated (Bakker & Demerouti, 2007; Meijman & Mulder, 1998), but non-work sources such as caregiving can also be significant sources of workload. We aimed to advance understanding of factors affecting whole day workload by investigating if engagement in more strenuous, or high demand activities (Hernandez et al., 2020), in a day gives rise to greater whole day workload ratings, and if the frequency of rest and leisure activities moderate their relationship. Using mixed-effects modeling on 14 days of ecological momentary assessment data collected from 45 working adults with type 1 diabetes, we found that rest but not leisure was a significant moderator of the relationship between strenuous frequency and workload for workdays only, with higher rest decreasing the magnitude of workload associated with increases in strenuous frequency. Study results suggest that some workers may reduce their workload by substituting part of their leisure time with rest on workdays.